In English, a statement can be written in two different ways; When a
spoken by any person, is written in his words, then it is called direct speech
and it is written within inverted commas.

Ex: I said to him, “you are a good boy”.

And when the statement spoken by any person and else with some modification, is called Indirect speech.

Ex: I told him that he was a good boy.

Rules Of Narration

Points to be remember

1. The verb outside the inverted commas is called the ‘reporting verb’,

2. The verb or sentence inside the inverted commas is called the ‘reported
speech’.

3. If the reporting verb is in present or future tense. There will be no change
in the tense of the reported speech.

4. If the reporting verb is in past tense, the tense in the reported speech wr
be changed.

5. Pronouns used in the reported speech are changed.

(i) First person according to the subject.
(ii) Second person according to the object.
(iii) Third person, No change.

6. Change in adverbs if the reported verb is in past tense.